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#fff}.u-button--contrast:focus,.u-button--contrast:hover{color:#000;background-color:#fff;background-image:none}.u-button--contrast:focus svg path,.u-button--contrast:hover svg path{fill:#000}.u-button--disabled,.u-button:disabled{color:#222;background-color:transparent;background-image:none;border:1px solid #eee;opacity:.7;cursor:default}.u-button--disabled svg,.u-button:disabled svg{fill:currentColor}.u-button--disabled:visited,.u-button:disabled:visited{color:#222}.u-button--disabled:hover,.u-button:disabled:hover{border:1px solid #eee;text-decoration:none}.u-button--disabled:focus,.u-button:disabled:focus{border:1px solid #eee;text-decoration:none}.u-button--disabled:focus,.u-button--disabled:hover,.u-button:disabled:focus,.u-button:disabled:hover{color:#222;background-color:transparent;background-image:none}.u-button--disabled:focus svg path,.u-button--disabled:hover svg path,.u-button:disabled:focus svg path,.u-button:disabled:hover svg path{fill:#222}.u-button--small,.u-button--xsmall{font-size:.875rem;padding:2px}.u-button--small{padding:inherit}.u-button--large{font-size:1.125rem;padding:16px}.u-button--full-width{display:flex;width:100%}.u-button--icon-left svg{margin-right:8px}.u-button--icon-right svg{margin-left:8px}.u-clearfix::after,.u-clearfix::before{content:"";display:table}.u-clearfix::after{clear:both}.u-color-open-access{color:#b74616}.u-color-inherit{color:inherit}.u-container{margin:0 auto;max-width:1280px;padding:0 16px}.u-display-block{display:block}.u-display-inline,.u-list-comma-separated>li,.u-list-inline>li{display:inline}.u-display-inline-block{display:inline-block}.u-display-flex{display:flex;width:100%}.u-display-inline-flex{display:inline-flex}.u-display-grid{display:grid}.u-display-table{display:table}.u-flex-direction-row{flex-direction:row}.u-flex-direction-column{flex-direction:column}.u-flex-wrap{flex-wrap:wrap}.u-align-items-center{align-items:center}.u-align-items-baseline{align-items:baseline}.u-justify-content-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.u-justify-content-center{justify-content:center}.u-justify-content-left{justify-content:left}.u-flex-grow{flex:1 0 auto}.u-flex-grow-shrink{flex:1 1 auto}.u-flex-shrink{flex:0 1 auto}.u-flex-static{flex:0 0 auto}.u-align-self-center{align-self:center}.u-align-self-start{align-self:flex-start}.u-align-self-end{align-self:flex-end}.u-display-none{display:none}.js .u-js-hide,.u-hide{display:none;visibility:hidden}.js .u-js-hide:first-child+*,.u-hide:first-child+*{-webkit-margin-before:0;margin-block-start:0}.js .u-js-show,.u-show{display:block;visibility:visible}.js .u-js-show-inline,.u-show-inline{display:inline;visibility:visible}.js .u-js-visually-hidden,.u-visually-hidden{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-100%;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px}.js .u-js-visually-hidden--off,.u-visually-hidden--off{border:0;clip:initial;height:auto;margin:0;overflow:auto;padding:0;position:relative;width:auto}.u-invisible{visibility:hidden}.js .u-js-hide-text,.u-hide-text{text-indent:100%;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;direction:ltr;vertical-align:bottom}.u-hide-overflow{overflow:hidden}@media print{.u-hide-print{display:none}}@media only screen and (min-width:320px){.js .u-js-hide-at-xs,.u-hide-at-xs{display:none;visibility:hidden}.js .u-js-hide-at-xs:first-child+*,.u-hide-at-xs:first-child+*{-webkit-margin-before:0;margin-block-start:0}.js .u-js-show-at-xs,.u-show-at-xs{display:block;visibility:visible}}@media only screen and (min-width:540px){.js .u-js-hide-at-sm,.u-hide-at-sm{display:none;visibility:hidden}.js .u-js-hide-at-sm:first-child+*,.u-hide-at-sm:first-child+*{-webkit-margin-before:0;margin-block-start:0}.js .u-js-show-at-sm,.u-show-at-sm{display:block;visibility:visible}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.js .u-js-hide-at-md,.u-hide-at-md{display:none;visibility:hidden}.js .u-js-hide-at-md:first-child+*,.u-hide-at-md:first-child+*{-webkit-margin-before:0;margin-block-start:0}.js .u-js-show-at-md,.u-show-at-md{display:block;visibility:visible}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.js .u-js-hide-at-lg,.u-hide-at-lg{display:none;visibility:hidden}.js .u-js-hide-at-lg:first-child+*,.u-hide-at-lg:first-child+*{-webkit-margin-before:0;margin-block-start:0}.js .u-js-show-at-lg,.u-show-at-lg{display:block;visibility:visible}}@media only screen and (min-width:1220px){.js .u-js-hide-at-xl,.u-hide-at-xl{display:none;visibility:hidden}.js .u-js-hide-at-xl:first-child+*,.u-hide-at-xl:first-child+*{-webkit-margin-before:0;margin-block-start:0}.js .u-js-show-at-xl,.u-show-at-xl{display:block;visibility:visible}}.u-icon{fill:currentColor;transform:translate(0,0);display:inline-block;vertical-align:text-top;width:1em;height:1em}.u-full-height{height:100%}.u-vertical-align-baseline{vertical-align:baseline}.u-vertical-align-top{vertical-align:top}.u-vertical-align-bottom{vertical-align:bottom}.u-vertical-align-middle{vertical-align:middle}.u-link-inherit,.u-link-inherit.hover,.u-link-inherit.visited,.u-link-inherit:hover,.u-link-inherit:visited{color:inherit}.u-link-underline{text-decoration:underline}.u-link-faux-block::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0}.u-list-style-number{list-style-type:decimal}.u-list-style-bullet{list-style-type:disc}.u-list-style-dash>::marker{content:"– ";font-size:1.2em;line-height:1}.u-list-style-none{list-style-type:none}.u-list-inline,.u-list-reset{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.u-custom-list-number{float:left;width:3em;padding-right:.5em;margin-left:-3.5em;text-align:right}.u-list-comma-separated{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.u-list-comma-separated>li:not(:first-child):not(:last-child)::before{content:", "}.u-list-comma-separated>li:not(:only-child):last-child::before{content:" & "}.u-list-truncated>li:not(:only-child):last-child::before{content:" ... "}.u-overflow-hidden{overflow:hidden}.u-overflow-visible{overflow:visible}.u-position-absolute{position:absolute}.u-position-relative{position:relative}.u-position-top{top:0}.u-position-left{left:0}.u-position-bottom{bottom:0}.u-position-right{right:0}.u-position-negative-right{right:100%}.u-keyline,.u-keyline--thick{border-bottom:1px solid #d5d5d5;padding-bottom:16px;margin-bottom:16px}.u-keyline--thick{border-bottom:2px solid #d5d5d5}.u-shadow{border:1px solid #eee;box-shadow:5px 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.5)}.u-button-reset{background-color:transparent;border:0;padding:0}.u-monospace{font-family:monospace}.u-sans-serif{font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif}.u-serif{font-family:Harding,Palatino,serif}.u-small-caps{font-size:.8em;text-transform:uppercase}.u-text-right{text-align:right}.u-text-left{text-align:left}.u-text-center{text-align:center}.u-text-normal{font-weight:400}.u-text-bold{font-weight:700}.u-double-underline{text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:ink;text-decoration-skip-ink:auto;border-bottom:1px solid}.u-text-font-smoothing{-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.u-word-wrap{word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word}.u-upper{text-transform:uppercase}.u-lower{text-transform:lowercase}.u-capitalize{text-transform:capitalize}.u-underline{text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:ink;text-decoration-skip-ink:auto}.u-unstyled{font-weight:400;font-style:normal}@media only screen and (max-width:539px){.u-hide-sm-max{display:none;visibility:hidden}.u-hide-sm-max:first-child+*{-webkit-margin-before:0;margin-block-start:0}}.u-show-lg{display:none}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.u-show-lg{display:block}}.u-ma-0{margin:0}.u-ma-2{margin:2px}.u-ma-4{margin:4px}.u-ma-8{margin:8px}.u-ma-16{margin:16px}.u-ma-24{margin:24px}.u-ma-32{margin:32px}.u-ma-48{margin:48px}.u-ma-64{margin:64px}.u-ma-auto{margin:auto}.u-mt-0{margin-top:0}.u-mt-2{margin-top:2px}.u-mt-4{margin-top:4px}.u-mt-8{margin-top:8px}.u-mt-16{margin-top:16px}.u-mt-24{margin-top:24px}.u-mt-32{margin-top:32px}.u-mt-48{margin-top:48px}.u-mt-64{margin-top:64px}.u-mt-auto{margin-top:auto}.u-mr-0{margin-right:0}.u-mr-2{margin-right:2px}.u-mr-4{margin-right:4px}.u-mr-8{margin-right:8px}.u-mr-16{margin-right:16px}.u-mr-24{margin-right:24px}.u-mr-32{margin-right:32px}.u-mr-48{margin-right:48px}.u-mr-64{margin-right:64px}.u-mr-auto{margin-right:auto}.u-mb-0{margin-bottom:0}.u-mb-2{margin-bottom:2px}.u-mb-4{margin-bottom:4px}.u-mb-8{margin-bottom:8px}.u-mb-16{margin-bottom:16px}.u-mb-24{margin-bottom:24px}.u-mb-32{margin-bottom:32px}.u-mb-48{margin-bottom:48px}.u-mb-64{margin-bottom:64px}.u-mb-auto{margin-bottom:auto}.u-ml-0{margin-left:0}.u-ml-2{margin-left:2px}.u-ml-4{margin-left:4px}.u-ml-8{margin-left:8px}.u-ml-16{margin-left:16px}.u-ml-24{margin-left:24px}.u-ml-32{margin-left:32px}.u-ml-48{margin-left:48px}.u-ml-64{margin-left:64px}.u-ml-auto{margin-left:auto}.u-pa-0{padding:0}.u-pa-2{padding:2px}.u-pa-4{padding:4px}.u-pa-8{padding:8px}.u-pa-16{padding:16px}.u-pa-24{padding:24px}.u-pa-32{padding:32px}.u-pa-48{padding:48px}.u-pa-64{padding:64px}.u-pt-0{padding-top:0}.u-pt-2{padding-top:2px}.u-pt-4{padding-top:4px}.u-pt-8{padding-top:8px}.u-pt-16{padding-top:16px}.u-pt-24{padding-top:24px}.u-pt-32{padding-top:32px}.u-pt-48{padding-top:48px}.u-pt-64{padding-top:64px}.u-pr-0{padding-right:0}.u-pr-2{padding-right:2px}.u-pr-4{padding-right:4px}.u-pr-8{padding-right:8px}.u-pr-16{padding-right:16px}.u-pr-24{padding-right:24px}.u-pr-32{padding-right:32px}.u-pr-48{padding-right:48px}.u-pr-64{padding-right:64px}.u-pb-0{padding-bottom:0}.u-pb-2{padding-bottom:2px}.u-pb-4{padding-bottom:4px}.u-pb-8{padding-bottom:8px}.u-pb-16{padding-bottom:16px}.u-pb-24{padding-bottom:24px}.u-pb-32{padding-bottom:32px}.u-pb-48{padding-bottom:48px}.u-pb-64{padding-bottom:64px}.u-pl-0{padding-left:0}.u-pl-2{padding-left:2px}.u-pl-4{padding-left:4px}.u-pl-8{padding-left:8px}.u-pl-16{padding-left:16px}.u-pl-24{padding-left:24px}.u-pl-32{padding-left:32px}.u-pl-48{padding-left:48px}.u-pl-64{padding-left:64px}.grade-c-hide{display:block}

.app-featured-row__item .c-card__image img, .app-news-row__item .c-card__image img {
    border-radius: 50%;
    height: 150px;
    width: 150px;
}
.btns{
	width:50%;float:left;
}
a:hover{
	text-decoration:none !important;
}
  /**
 * Tabs
 */
.tabs {
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;  
}
.tabs label {
	order: 1;  
	display: block;
	padding: 0.4rem 2rem;
	margin-right: 0.2rem;
	cursor: pointer;
  background: #006699;
  color:#fff;
  font-weight: bold;
  transition: background ease 0.2s;
}
.tabs .tab {
  order: 99;  
  flex-grow: 1;
	width: 100%;
	display: none;
  padding: 1rem;
  background: #fff;
}
.tabs input[type="radio"] {
	display: none;
}
.tabs input[type="radio"]:checked + label {
	background: #006699b0;
}
.tabs input[type="radio"]:checked + label + .tab {
	display: block;
}

@media (max-width: 45em) {
  .tabs .tab,
  .tabs label {
    order: initial;
  }
  .tabs label {
    width: 100%;
    margin-right: 0;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
  }
}


/*-----------------*/
.tabs_schedule {
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;  
}
.tabs_schedule label {
	order: 1;  
	display: block;
	padding: 0.4rem 2rem;
	margin-right: 0.2rem;
	cursor: pointer;
  background: #006699;
  color:#fff;
  font-weight: bold;
  transition: background ease 0.2s;
}
.tabs_schedule .tab_schedule {
  order: 99;  
  flex-grow: 1;
	width: 100%;
	display: none;7
  padding: 1rem;
  background: #fff;
}
.tabs_schedule input[type="radio"] {
	display: none;
}
.tabs_schedule input[type="radio"]:checked + label {
	background: #006699b0;
}
.tabs_schedule input[type="radio"]:checked + label + .tab_schedule {
	display: block;
}

@media (max-width: 45em) {
  .tabs_schedule .tab_schedule,
  .tabs_schedule label {
    order: initial;
  }
  .tabs_schedule label {
    width: 100%;
    margin-right: 0;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
  }
}
/*-----------------*/

.app-news-row-schedule{
	grid-template-columns: repeat(0,1fr);
   grid-template-rows: repeat(2,1fr);
}

hr {
    margin-top: 12px !important; 
    margin-bottom: 12px !important;
    border: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid #eee;
}

.section {
  max-height: 450px;
  padding: 1rem;
  overflow-y: auto;
  direction: ltr;
  scrollbar-color: #d4aa70 #e4e4e4;
  scrollbar-width: thin;

  h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
  }

  p + p {
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }
}

.section::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 10px;
}

.section::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background-color: #ccc;
  border-radius: 100px;
}

.section::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  border-radius: 100px;
  border: 6px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
  border-left: 0;
  border-right: 0;
  background-color: #6d6d6d;
}


@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@300;400;500;600&display=swap");

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  overflow-x: hidden;
  font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
}

ul {
  list-style: none;
}

input {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.section-title {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 30px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
  margin: 0 0 35px;
}

.sec-pad {
  padding: 60px 0 0;
  margin: 50px 0;
}

.contact-sec {
  align-item: center;
  display: flex;
  background-color: #5cbde466;
}

.contact-sec .contact-ul li,
.contact-ul b {
  font-size: 20px;
  margin: 10px 0;
  font-family: Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, "Times New Roman", serif;
  word-wrap: break-word;
}

.contact-sec .contact-ul i {
    font-size: 18px;
    padding: 9px;
    width: 40px;
    text-align: center;
    margin-right: 2px;
    border-radius: 50%;
}
.contact-detail a {
  color: #000;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.contact-sec .contact-ul li b:hover {
  color: #f93;
}

.contact-sec .contact-ul li .fa-location-dot {
  color: #f44337;
  border: 2px solid #f4433790;
}
.contact-sec .contact-ul li .fa-map-marker {
  color: #ff6347;
  border: 2px solid #ff634790;
}  

  .contact-sec .contact-ul li .fa-phone {
  color: #00b055;
  border: 2px solid #00b05590;
}

.contact-sec .contact-ul li .fa-envelope {
  color: #ff6347;
  border: 2px solid #ff634790;
}  

.contact-detail span {
  width: 400px;
  display: flex;
      padding: 15px;
}
.contact-detail span a {
    font-size: 20px;
    padding: 0px 5px;
    color: #000;
    width: 40px;
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin: 0px 5px;
}
.contact-detail span .fb {
  color: #3b5998;
  border: 3px solid #3b5998;
}
.contact-detail span .fb:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #3b5998;
}

.contact-detail span .insta {
  color: #833ab4;
  border: 3px solid #833ab4;
}
.contact-detail span .insta:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #833ab4;
}

.contact-detail span .twitter {
  color: #00acee;
  border: 3px solid #00acee;
}
.contact-detail span .twitter:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background-color: #00acee;
}

form.contFrm {
  max-width: 396px;
  margin: auto;
}

.inptFld {
  width: 100%;
  height: 50px;
  border: 0;
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 0 20px;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #000;
}

.inptFld:focus {
  outline-offset: -4px;
  outline: 1px solid #f93;
}

.contFrm textarea {
  height: 75px;
  padding-top: 5px;
}
.inptBtn {
  height: 50px;
  border: 0;
  /* background: #00b055; */
  background: #01324b; 
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #fff;
  margin: auto;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  cursor: pointer;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 200px;
}

/* Responcive css Start */

@media (max-width: 991px) {
  .sec-pad {
    padding: 20px 0 0px;
  }

  .contact-sec .contact-ul li,
  .contact-ul b {
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .contact-sec .contact-ul i {
    font-size: 14px;
    padding: 6px;
    margin-right: 6px;
  }

  .inptFld {
    height: 40px;
    margin: 0 0 10px;
    padding: 0 14px;
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .contact-detail span {
    width: auto;
  }
  .contact-detail span a {
    font-size: 18px;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    color: #000;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin: 0px 5px 20px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 575px) {
  .section-title {
    font-size: 26px;
    font-weight: 500;
  }
  .contact-sec {
    border-radius: 10% 10% 0% 0% / 5% 5% 0% 0%;
  }

  .contact-sec .contact-ul i {
    border: none;
  }
  .inptFld {
    height: 36px;
    margin: 0 0 8px;
    padding: 0 14px;
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .contact-sec .contact-ul li,
  .contact-ul b {
    font-size: 16px;
  }
}

.content {
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}
.bio{
	padding: 10px 1px;
	text-align:justify;
}
.d-abs{
	width: 200px;
    background: #01324b;
    padding: 40px 40px 40px 40px;
    text-align: center;
    color: #fff;
    font-weight: bold;

}

 